Looking for accurate SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 7 (Control and Coordination) inside and in-text question solutions for the 2026–27 academic year? Access extra short questions, conceptual explanations, and important internal notes designed to help you score 100% in your HSLC board exams.
Q1. What is control and coordination?
Answer: Control and coordination are the biological processes through which an organism integrates and regulates various body activities to respond effectively to internal and external environmental changes.
Q2. Which systems help animals in control and coordination?
Answer: The nervous system and the endocrine (hormonal) system, along with the muscular system, work together to manage control and coordination in animals.
Q3. Do plants have a nervous system?
Answer: No, plants do not have a nervous system or muscles. They coordinate their responses using chemical messengers called plant hormones (phytohormones).
Q4. What is a stimulus?
Answer: A stimulus is any detectable change in the internal or external environment of an organism that triggers a specific physiological or behavioral response.
Q5. What is a neuron?
Answer: A neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system that receives, conducts, and transmits messages in the form of electrical impulses.
Control and Coordination Class 10 SEBA Extra Questions
Q6. Name the three main parts of a neuron.
Answer: The three main parts of a neuron are the dendrites, the cell body (cyton), and the axon.
Q7. What is a synapse?
Answer: A synapse is the microscopic functional junction between two adjacent neurons where an electrical impulse is converted into a chemical signal to cross the gap.
Q8. What is a reflex action?
Answer: A reflex action is an immediate, rapid, and automatic involuntary response to a stimulus that occurs without conscious thought.
Q9. What is a reflex arc?
Answer: A reflex arc is the specific neural pathway followed by nerve impulses during a reflex action, consisting of a receptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord (integration center), motor neuron, and effector organ.
Q10. Why are reflex actions important for living organisms?
Answer: Reflex actions are essential because they protect the body from potential harm or injury by generating extremely fast protective responses without waiting for conscious processing by the brain.
Class 10 Science Chapter 7 In-Text Question Answer SEBA 2026-27
Q11. What are receptors?
Answer: Receptors are specialized cells or organs that detect changes in the environment (stimuli) and convert them into electrical signals for the nervous system.
Q12. Name two types of receptors and state their functions.
Answer: Two types of receptors are:
- Gustatory receptors: Located on the tongue to detect taste.
- Olfactory receptors: Located in the nasal cavity to detect smell.
Q13. What are the three main regions of the human brain?
Answer: The three main regions of the human brain are the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
Q14. What are the main functions of the forebrain?
Answer: The forebrain is the main thinking region of the brain responsible for processing sensory information, controlling voluntary movements, and managing memory, learning, and reasoning.
Q15. What is the function of the cerebellum in the hindbrain?
Answer: The cerebellum maintains body posture, equilibrium, and balance, and ensures the precise coordination of voluntary movements like walking or writing.
Q16. What is the role of the medulla oblongata in the human brain?
Answer: The medulla oblongata controls vital involuntary actions such as heartbeat, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting.
Q17. How is the human brain protected from physical damage?
Answer: The brain is enclosed inside a bony skull called the cranium and is surrounded by fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which acts as a cushion to absorb mechanical shocks.
Q18. What structure protects the spinal cord in human beings?
Answer: The spinal cord is protected by the surrounding vertebral column (backbone).
Q19. How do muscles move when a nerve impulse reaches them?
Answer: When a nerve impulse reaches a muscle, muscle cells rearrange special muscle proteins, causing the cells to shorten and contract, which results in movement.
Q20. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
Answer: Voluntary muscles are under conscious control and can be moved at will (such as skeletal muscles in the arms and legs), whereas involuntary muscles operate automatically without conscious control (such as cardiac muscle in the heart and smooth muscle in internal organs).
SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Inside Questions
Q21. What are the two types of plant movements?
Answer: The two main types of plant movements are:
- Growth-dependent movements (Tropic movements): Directional movements where plant growth occurs in response to a stimulus, such as a shoot bending towards light.
- Growth-independent movements (Nastic movements): Non-directional movements caused by rapid changes in cellular water content rather than growth, such as the folding of Mimosa leaves upon touch.
Q22. How does the touch-me-not (Mimosa pudica) plant respond to touch?
Answer: When touched, specialized cells at the leaf bases rapidly lose water, leading to a sudden loss of turgor pressure that causes the leaflets to fold up and droop. This is a rapid, growth-independent movement.
Q23. What are tropic movements?
Answer: Tropic movements are directional growth responses of a plant toward or away from an environmental stimulus.
Q24. Name four major types of tropic movements in plants.
Answer: The four major types of tropic movements are phototropism (response to light), geotropism (response to gravity), hydrotropism (response to water), and chemotropism (response to chemical substances).
Q25. Give an example of chemotropism in plants.
Answer: A classic example of chemotropism is the growth of a pollen tube through the style toward the ovule in response to chemical signals during fertilization.
SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Important Inside Notes
Q26. What are plant hormones?
Answer: Plant hormones (phytohormones) are naturally occurring chemical messengers produced in minute quantities that regulate growth, development, and environmental responses in plants.
Q27. Name four major plant hormones and state their primary functions.
Answer: Four major plant hormones and their functions are:
- Auxin: Promotes cell elongation, shoot growth, and directional bending toward light.
- Gibberellin: Stimulates stem elongation and seed germination.
- Cytokinin: Promotes active cell division and delays leaf aging.
- Abscisic Acid (ABA): Inhibits plant growth, promotes seed dormancy, and causes leaf wilt and wilting/fall.
Q28. What is adrenaline and what is its role in the human body?
Answer: Adrenaline is an emergency hormone secreted by the adrenal glands into the bloodstream during stressful or frightening situations. It increases heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure to prepare the body for a “fight or flight” response.
Q29. What is the role of insulin in the human body?
Answer: Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells. Insufficient insulin production leads to diabetes mellitus.
Q30. Why is iodized salt important in our diet?
Answer: Iodized salt provides iodine, which is required by the thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxin hormone. Thyroxin regulates carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism in the body, and iodine deficiency can lead to goiter (swollen neck).
HSLC Science Chapter 7 Inside Solutions
🔬 Updated Inside Questions Notice: This page features a comprehensive set of SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 7 (Control and Coordination) In-Text and Extra Inside Questions with Solutions updated for the 2026–27 academic session. All conceptual answers, receptor functions, and hormone mechanisms strictly align with the revised Assam Board (SEBA) textbook.
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