Looking for complete SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 14 solutions according to the latest 2026–27 syllabus? Access accurate in-text and exercise textual question answers designed to help you score high marks in your upcoming HSLC board examinations.
Blue question
Q1. What are the main characteristics of a good source of energy?
Answer: A good source of energy produces a large amount of heat per unit mass, is easily available, easy to store and transport, and causes minimal pollution.
Q2. What are the properties of a good fuel?
Answer: A good fuel burns easily, has a high calorific value, is economical, and does not release toxic smoke or harmful gases upon combustion.
Q3. Which source of energy would you choose for cooking food and why?
Answer: Solar energy is an ideal choice for cooking because it is clean, renewable, freely available, and environment-friendly.
Q4. What are the major disadvantages of using fossil fuels?
Answer: The main disadvantages of fossil fuels are:
- They are non-renewable and limited in supply.
- Burning them causes severe air pollution and acid rain.
- They release greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming.
Q5. Why is there a need to look for alternative or non-conventional sources of energy?
Answer: We need alternative sources of energy because fossil fuels are depleting rapidly and cause heavy environmental pollution, whereas non-conventional sources are renewable and clean.
Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Question Answer SEBA 2026-27
Q6. How have traditional wind and water energy systems been modernized for current use?
Answer: Traditional windmills and waterwheels are now upgraded into high-efficiency wind turbines and hydroelectric dams that convert kinetic energy into electricity.
Q7. Which type of mirror is most suitable for a solar cooker and why?
Answer: A concave mirror is most suitable because it focuses incoming parallel rays of sunlight onto a single point, generating high temperatures for cooking.
SEBA New Syllabus Class 10 Science Notes
Q8. What are the main limitations in harnessing ocean energy?
Answer: The limitations in harnessing of ocean energy are:
- High initial cost for setting up power plants.
- Dependence on strong tides, waves, and temperature gradients.
- Difficult maintenance due to corrosion by sea water.
Q9. What is meant by geothermal energy?
Answer: Geothermal energy is the thermal energy trapped inside the Earth’s crust, which can be harnessed to produce steam and generate electricity.
SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Solutions
Q10. What are the key advantages of nuclear energy?
Answer: The key advantages of nuclear energy are:
- A very small quantity of nuclear fuel yields a massive amount of energy.
- It generates electricity continuously without releasing greenhouse gases during power generation.
- It reduces dependence on conventional fossil fuels.
Q11. Can any source of energy be completely pollution-free? Explain why or why not.
Answer: No source of energy is completely pollution-free. While renewable energy sources like solar or wind energy do not produce pollution during operation, the manufacturing, setup, and disposal of their equipment cause some environmental pollution.
HSLC Science Chapter 14 Question Answer
Q12. Is hydrogen considered a cleaner fuel than CNG? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer: Yes, hydrogen is cleaner than CNG because its combustion produces only water vapor, whereas burning CNG releases carbon dioxide and other gases. However, hydrogen is highly flammable and difficult to store safely.
Q13. Name two renewable sources of energy and explain why they are considered renewable.
Answer: Two renewable energy sources are:
- Solar Energy: It is continuously supplied by the Sun and will not run out.
- Wind Energy: It is naturally generated by atmospheric changes and is inexhaustible.
Q14. Name two exhaustible sources of energy and explain why they are considered exhaustible
. Answer: Two exhaustible energy sources are:
- Coal: Its underground reserves are limited, and it takes millions of years to form.
- Petroleum: It is consumed much faster than it is naturally formed, leading to eventual depletion.
Exercise
Q1. A solar water heater cannot be used to get hot water on:
A) A sunny day
B) A cloudy day
C) A hot day
D) A windy day
Answer: B) A cloudy day
Explanation: Solar water heaters require direct sunlight to function effectively. On a cloudy day, solar radiation is blocked or significantly reduced.
Q2. Which of the following is not an example of a biomass energy source?
A) Wood
B) Gobar-gas
C) Nuclear energy
D) Coal
Answer: C) Nuclear energy
Explanation: Biomass energy is derived from organic plant and animal matter. Nuclear energy is obtained from atomic fission of radioactive elements like uranium.
Q3. Which of the following energy sources is not ultimately derived from the Sun’s energy?
A) Geothermal energy
B) Wind energy
C) Nuclear energy
D) Biomass
Answer: A) Geothermal energy and C) Nuclear energy
Explanation: Geothermal energy originates from heat trapped inside the Earth’s core, and nuclear energy comes from atomic nuclei. Neither depends on solar radiation.
Q4. Compare and contrast fossil fuels and solar energy as direct sources of energy.
Answer:
| Feature | Fossil Fuels | Solar Energy |
| Availability | Non-renewable and limited in supply. | Renewable and inexhaustible. |
| Pollution | Causes severe air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. | Clean and eco-friendly with zero direct emissions. |
| Cost | Expensive extraction, refining, and transportation costs. | Solar radiation is free, though setup requires initial investment. |
| Reliability | Can generate power continuously regardless of weather. | Weather-dependent; only available during sunny daylight hours. |
Q5. Compare and contrast biomass and hydroelectricity as energy sources.
Answer:
| Feature | Biomass | Hydroelectricity |
| Source | Plant materials, agricultural residue, and animal waste. | Potential energy of water stored at a height in dams. |
| Environmental Impact | Releases smoke and carbon dioxide when burned directly. | Completely clean and non-polluting during generation. |
| Infrastructure | Simple and can be set up easily at a local or domestic level. | Requires large dams, extensive flooding, and high capital investment. |
| Application | Suitable for small-scale local or household energy requirements. | Ideal for large-scale electrical power generation across regions. |
Q6. State the main limitations of extracting energy from wind, waves, and tides.
Answer:
- Wind Energy: Requires strong and continuous wind speeds (minimum 15 km/h) and occupies huge land areas for wind farms.
- Wave Energy: Relies on extremely strong ocean waves, making power generation irregular and location-dependent.
- Tidal Energy: Can only be harnessed in limited coastal areas where suitable narrow bays or estuaries exist.
Q7. On what basis are energy sources classified into the following categories?
Answer:
- (a) Renewable and Non-renewable: Classified based on whether they can be naturally replenished over a short human timeframe (renewable) or take millions of years to form and deplete permanently upon use (non-renewable).
- (b) Exhaustible and Inexhaustible: Classified based on whether their natural reserves are finite and will run out (exhaustible) or unlimited and continuously available (inexhaustible).
Q8. What are the key qualities of an ideal source of energy?
Answer: An ideal source of energy should:
- Produce a high amount of heat or energy per unit mass or volume.
- Be easily available, accessible, and economical.
- Be simple and safe to store and transport.
- Cause minimal environmental pollution.
Q9. What are the advantages, disadvantages, and geographical limitations of using a solar cooker?
Answer:
- Advantages: Uses a free, clean, and renewable energy source while preserving food nutrients through slow cooking.
- Disadvantages: Cannot be used at night or on overcast days, takes longer to cook, and cannot be used for frying or baking.
- Limitations: Solar cookers have limited utility in polar regions, high-latitude countries, or areas with persistent cloud cover and harsh winters.
Q10. What are the environmental consequences of increasing energy demand, and how can energy consumption be reduced?
Answer:
- Environmental Consequences: Rapid depletion of natural reserves, severe air pollution, acid rain, deforestation, and global warming due to high carbon emissions.
- Steps to Reduce Energy Consumption:
- Use energy-efficient LED lighting and 5-star rated appliances.
- Promote public transport, carpooling, and non-motorized travel.
- Turn off electrical appliances when not in use.
- Increase reliance on renewable energy sources like solar and wind.
Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Textual Solutions NCERT SEBA
📌 Quick Notice: This post contains complete, revised SEBA Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Textual Questions and Answers updated for the 2026–27 academic sessions. All solutions strictly adhere to the revised Assam Board (SEBA) Class 10 Science textbook curriculum.
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